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Structural steels (rolled)
| Old grade (STAS) | Old name (DIN / Fe) | EN 10025-2 | Material no. | Min. yield strength (MPa) | Impact test, 27 J |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OL 37.2 | St 37-2 / Fe 360 B | S235JR | 1.0038 | 235 | at +20 °C |
| OL 37.3 | St 37-3 U / Fe 360 C | S235J0 | 1.0114 | 235 | at 0 °C |
| OL 37.4 | St 37-3 N / Fe 360 D | S235J2 | 1.0117 | 235 | at −20 °C |
| OL 44.2 | St 44-2 / Fe 430 B | S275JR | 1.0044 | 275 | at +20 °C |
| OL 44.3 | St 44-3 U / Fe 430 C | S275J0 | 1.0143 | 275 | at 0 °C |
| OL 44.4 | St 44-3 N / Fe 430 D | S275J2 | 1.0145 | 275 | at −20 °C |
| OL 52.3 | St 52-3 U / Fe 510 C | S355J0 | 1.0553 | 355 | at 0 °C |
| OL 52.4 | St 52-3 N / Fe 510 D | S355J2 | 1.0577 | 355 | at −20 °C |
Indicative. The quality digit (.2, .3, .4) follows roughly the same logic as the German grades (-2, -3, -4) and as JR, J0, J2. Yield strengths are for thicknesses up to 16 mm; they drop for thicker plate. Check the exact grade in the project and in the quality certificate.
How to read the designation S355J2
- S: structural steel.
- 355: minimum yield strength, in MPa, for thicknesses up to 16 mm.
- JR, J0, J2: impact test, 27 J, at +20 °C, 0 °C and −20 °C. J2 is the choice for structures exposed to frost.
- +N: delivered normalised (for example S355J2+N).
Quality carbon steels (OLC)
| Old grade (STAS) | EN 10083 / 10084 | Carbon approx. (%) | Used for |
|---|---|---|---|
| OLC 15 | C15 | 0.15 | case-hardened parts |
| OLC 25 | C25 | 0.25 | general-purpose parts, weldable with care |
| OLC 35 | C35 | 0.35 | axles, shafts, general-purpose parts |
| OLC 45 | C45 | 0.45 | shafts, axles, parts that are hardened |
| OLC 55 | C55 | 0.55 | wear-resistant parts |
| OLC 60 | C60 | 0.60 | wear-resistant parts, simple tools |
The number in OLC shows the carbon content in hundredths of a percent: OLC 45 has about 0.45 % carbon.
Stainless steels
| AISI / ASTM | EN (no.) | EN name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 304 | 1.4301 | X5CrNi18-10 | austenitic stainless, the most common (“18/10”) |
| 304L | 1.4307 | X2CrNi18-9 | low carbon, better for welding |
| 316 | 1.4401 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 | with molybdenum: better corrosion resistance (chlorides) |
| 316L | 1.4404 | X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | low carbon, better for welding |
| 321 | 1.4541 | X6CrNiTi18-10 | titanium-stabilised, for high temperatures |
| 430 | 1.4016 | X6Cr17 | ferritic, magnetic, cheaper |
| 410 | 1.4006 | X12Cr13 | martensitic, can be hardened |
Aluminium alloys
| EN AW | Name (composition) | Used for |
|---|---|---|
| 1050A | Al99.5 | soft sheet, decorative and chemical uses |
| 5754 | AlMg3 | sheet for bodies and tanks, welds well |
| 5083 | AlMg4.5Mn0.7 | shipbuilding, resistant to salt water |
| 6060 | AlMgSi | extruded profiles (joinery, light structures) |
| 6082 | AlSi1MgMn | load-bearing structures, higher strength |
| 7075 | AlZn5.5MgCu | very high strength (aerospace), not normally welded |
Frequently asked questions
Is OL 37 the same as S235?
Very close in strength (235 MPa yield), but not identical: the standards differ in composition, tests and tolerances. For work with requirements (structures, pressure vessels), use the grade in the project and the material quality certificate.
What do JR, J0 and J2 mean?
They show the impact test: 27 J at +20 °C for JR, at 0 °C for J0 and at −20 °C for J2 (EN 10025-2). The lower the test temperature, the better the steel handles cold.
Is OL 52 S355?
The OL 52 family corresponds to the S355 class (yield of at least 355 MPa up to 16 mm thickness). Qualities .3 and .4 are close to J0 and J2.
How much does S235 or S355 steel weigh?
Both have a density of about 7.85 g/cm³ (7,850 kg/m³), so weight is calculated the same way. Use the weight calculator for tubes, sheets and profiles.